Sara Benwell 7.17am
It’s not often I get to combine two of my biggest passions in the same article, but football and finance are certainly worthy of more than a passing glance at the moment. Sadly, this is because football’s finances are in a mess.
Administration
In recent days, two big British clubs have gone into administration: Glasgow Rangers and Portsmouth, the latter for the second time in two years. Rangers’ situation is particularly eye-grabbing, considering their size, history and prestige.The club entered administration with £9 million of taxes unpaid, and could face a bill of as much as £50 million pending the outcome of an upcoming court case.
Since 2004, thirteen clubs have gone into administration, such as Leeds United and Crystal Palace. In this instance, clubs are docked league points, but it is questionable whether the points deduction is an effective deterrent. While it is something of a financial professional foul, very few clubs hit liquidation and it is believed that some can opt for administration as a sound business move. It allows them to restructure their finances, to find a new owner and to eliminate existing debt. After which, the clubs can be in a position to borrow more money.
The downside is that once a club goes into administration, the appointed administrator must attempt to pay back any creditors as much money as possible. This is achieved by selling off the club’s assets, including players, grounds, training pitches, merchandise and anything else that can be sold to raise funds.
“Fit and proper persons”
In 2004, the Premier League, Football League and the FA introduced the ‘Fit and Proper Persons Test’, which must be passed by any director of a football club, or any owner of more than 30 per cent of a club’s shares. It was introduced following concerns that anybody, even those who had been convicted of fraud, could take over football clubs.
The test means anybody with an unspent criminal conviction involving dishonesty, or who has run a football club into administration twice, cannot take over a club. Yet the test is could be seen as ineffective because it does not examine what plans potential owners may have for a club or whether they have sufficient funding.
The Fit and Proper Persons Test has been called into question in both the Rangers and the Portsmouth administration cases. Portsmouth’s owner Vladimir Antonov has been arrested on fraud charges (which he denies), eight months after the test cleared him. The Football League claims that Antonov tricked the test by supplying misleading or fraudulent information.
Rangers’ administration has also prompted an investigation by the SFA, because despite Craig Whyte’s being ruled “fit” to buy Rangers last year, it has since emerged that he did not inform the SFA that he was a previously disqualified company director.
Out of control expenditure
Clubs have spent millions on player transfers and most Premier League clubs are weighed down under heavy debts. Premier League clubs’ net debt in 2010 stood at £2.6 billion (Chelsea is currently the highest with £733 million). For more on this, see Nik’s Total Politics article last year about football’s debt problem.
UEFA Fair Play Rules
UEFA has issued its Financial Fair Play Rules, meaning that this financial year all European clubs must at least break even.
This seems already to be prompting some change as many experts put the 70 per cent fall in spending in the January transfer window down to clubs’ attempting to meet the UEFA requirements. The biggest disclosed transfer this year was Papiss Demba Cisse’s £9 million move to Newcastle United - quite some drop from last years, when Chelsea paid £50 million for Fernando Torres and Liverpool paid £35 million for Andy Caroll. Blunt business, followed by even blunter shooting.
That said, the UEFA ruling could help reduce player fees but it will do nothing about rogue owners, and there is some concern that the ruling may lead to the clubs making the most money going unchallenged. In addition, the true impact will depend on how strictly it is enforced. How likely is UEFA to ban the likes of Barcelona from European football if their balance sheets don’t add up?
Salary Cap
One suggestion that has been made is a salary cap. It operates in rugby union, for instance, but how would this play out for British football? One serious concern is whether clubs could retain the best talent if British leagues went it alone. A cap would only really work if it were implemented across the whole of Europe, which seems unlikely.
The German way…
One solution might be to operate a system that is closer to the German way of doing things, something Nik has brought up on these pages and elsewhere before.
Under the German Bundesliga’s rules, no ‘outside’ investor can own more than 49 per cent of a club’s shares and at least 51 per cent must remain be owned club members. The Bundesliga has the lowest ticket prices and the highest average attendance of Europe’s five major leagues. It is also the only major domestic league whose clubs make a collective profit.
Another benefit of the way the German system is run is that the sport is more attractive to sponsors, particularly since games are free to air, and therefore highly televised meaning that popularity remains high. The German system remains closer to the fans, and decisions are made which honour both the sport and the spirit of the game.
The Conservative MP Elizabeth Truss had an op-ed in yesterday’s Times calling for us to “rebuild Britain’s economy the German way”. Maybe we should rebuild our ‘beautiful game’ their way too. At the moment at least, it is something to aspire to.
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